The physiological changes that take place from two to three

Racing has its own rich lexicon and to the uninitiated some of the phraseology can seem confusing.

Horses can be described as a 'shell' or a 'frame' in their early years, and trainers often speak of how a horse has developed physically, mentally or both from two to three.

But what exactly does this mean? James Tate is a qualified veterinary surgeon – as well as a trainer – and is well positioned to discuss how the physiology of racehorses change.